P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny: P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je vrozen\u00fd defekt chromozomu \u010d\u00edslo 5 v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch jedince. Chromozom \u010d\u00edslo p\u011bt je po\u0161kozen\u00fd v tom smyslu, \u017ee kousek chromozomu chyb\u00ed. Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed genetick\u00e1 informace se pak projev\u00ed cel\u00fdm komplexem poruch. Projevy: D\u011bti se syndromem Cri du Chat maj\u00ed malou porodn\u00ed hmotnost.Cri du chat syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5. The name of the syndrome means the cry of the cat and describes the main clinical finding of a high-pitched, monochromatic cat-like cry.<\/p>\n
Nositelem n\u00e1kazy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dlov\u011bk, zv\u00ed\u0159e, hmyz, ale i kontaminovan\u00e1 p\u016fda, voda nebo ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u010di potraviny. Pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci je n\u011bkdy komplikov\u00e1n soub\u011b\u017enou n\u00e1kazou nebo postupnou (od virov\u00e9ho posti\u017een\u00ed p\u0159es bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed a pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9 n\u00e1kazy).<\/p>\n
Antifosfolipidov\u00fd syndrom (APS) je autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a hyperkoagula\u010dn\u00ed stav. Je spojen s tvorbou jednoho, nebo v\u00edce typ\u016f antifosfolipidov\u00fdch protil\u00e1tek, tj. autoprotil\u00e1tek zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch proti fosfolipid\u016fm nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm se v povrchov\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch bun\u011bk (v bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch membr\u00e1n\u00e1ch) a na krevn\u00edch desti\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Chorea je tvo\u0159ena nepravideln\u00fdmi, n\u00e1hodn\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edmi pohyby r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bla. Jedn\u00e1 se o n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 a nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 mimovoln\u00ed pohyby, kter\u00e9 jsou kr\u00e1tk\u00e9, rychl\u00e9 a obvykle kroutiv\u00e9ho r\u00e1zu. Nej\u010dast\u011bji jsou na akrech kon\u010detin a v orofaci\u00e1ln\u00ed oblasti. Obvykle se zesiluj\u00ed p\u0159i pohybu, \u0159e\u010di a emoc\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Sedm\u00e1 nemoc neboli syndrom ruka, noha, \u00fasta je velmi naka\u017eliv\u00e9 virov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mezi kojenci a d\u011bti do 5 let v\u011bku, v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee tato nemoc postihnout i dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed a dosp\u011bl\u00e9. Projevuje se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sv\u011bdivou ko\u017en\u00ed vyr\u00e1\u017ekou na t\u011ble, aftami v \u00fastech, bolest\u00ed v krku a hore\u010dkou.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny bolesti o\u010d\u00ed Infekce: Bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed, virov\u00e9 nebo pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9 infekce oka mohou zp\u016fsobit bolest, zarudnut\u00ed a z\u00e1n\u011bt. Alergie: Reakce na pyl, prach nebo jin\u00e9 alergeny zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed, p\u00e1len\u00ed a bolest o\u010d\u00ed. Poran\u011bn\u00ed: Ciz\u00ed t\u011bleso v oku, \u0161kr\u00e1bance na rohovce nebo jin\u00e1 poran\u011bn\u00ed mohou zp\u016fsobit ostrou bolest.<\/p>\n
Inkuba\u010dn\u00ed doba m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 (n\u011bkolik hodin nebo dn\u00ed), \u010di velmi dlouh\u00e1. V\u017edy z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na typu dan\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Inkuba\u010dn\u00ed d oba u bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch infekc\u00ed je zpravidla krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u virov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
FOMO, z angl. Fear of missing out, \u010desky strach ze zme\u0161k\u00e1n\u00ed nebo strach, \u017ee o n\u011bco p\u0159ijdeme, je druh \u00fazkosti zp\u016fsoben\u00fd pocitem, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku ut\u00edk\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost, kter\u00e9 ale vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed druz\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Crush syndrom vznik\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00fdm stla\u010den\u00edm nebo masivn\u00edm zhmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm m\u011bkk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sval\u016f) \u2192 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jejich ischemii a po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Po odstran\u011bn\u00ed tlaku se z po\u0161kozen\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed uvol\u0148uje myoglobin, kysel\u00e9 metabolity a kalium; do po\u0161kozen\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b transuduje tekutina (plazma) za vzniku ed\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i vzniku CB syndromu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k nucen\u00e9mu antalgick\u00e9mu dr\u017een\u00ed hlavy, kdy ka\u017ed\u00fd pohyb vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 bolest. Omezen b\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159edklon, \u00faklon i rotace hlavy. Viditeln\u00fd je hypertonus \u0161\u00edjov\u00fdch a paravertebr\u00e1ln\u00edch sval\u016f, TrPs nach\u00e1z\u00edme nej\u010dast\u011bji v m. trapezius a mm.<\/p>\n
Syndrom karp\u00e1ln\u00edho tunelu je zp\u016fsoben z\u00fa\u017een\u00edm prostoru karp\u00e1ln\u00edho tunelu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tlaku na st\u0159edn\u00ed nerv a \u0161lachy v z\u00e1p\u011bst\u00ed ruky. Karp\u00e1ln\u00ed tunel je \u00fazk\u00fd pr\u016fchod obklopen\u00fd kostmi a kdy\u017e je st\u0159edn\u00ed nerv stla\u010den, zp\u016fsobuje otup\u011blost, necitlivost, brn\u011bn\u00ed a slabost v ruce nebo dokonce v pa\u017ei.<\/p>\n
Crush syndrom vznik\u00e1 dlouhodob\u00fdm stla\u010den\u00edm nebo masivn\u00edm zhmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm m\u011bkk\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sval\u016f) \u2192 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k jejich ischemii a po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Po odstran\u011bn\u00ed tlaku se z po\u0161kozen\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed uvol\u0148uje myoglobin, kysel\u00e9 metabolity a kalium; do po\u0161kozen\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b transuduje tekutina (plazma) za vzniku ed\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n
Jedn\u00e1 se o neurodegenerativn\u00ed autosom\u00e1ln\u011b dominantn\u011b d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed mezi polyglutaminov\u00e9 poruchy (viz d\u00e1le). M\u00e1 incidenci 4\u201310 na 100 000. Manifestuje se nej\u010dast\u011bji ve st\u0159edn\u00edm v\u011bku. Mezi p\u0159\u00edznaky dominuje porucha motoriky, zm\u011bny osobnosti, progreduj\u00edc\u00ed demence a nakonec smrt.<\/p>\n
A nxieta je stav \u00fazkosti.<\/p>\n
Katatonie je souhrn p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f n\u011bkter\u00fdch du\u0161evn\u00edch poruch. Zna\u010d\u00ed abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed pohyby, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed p\u0159i n\u011bkter\u00fdch du\u0161evn\u00edch chorob\u00e1ch nebo stavech. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad o stereotypn\u00ed pohyby kon\u010detin, mimiku a grimasov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo naopak ztuhnut\u00ed (stupor), \u010dasto v bizarn\u00ed poloze po dlouhou dobu.<\/p>\n
P\u00e1tou nemoc (erythema infectiosum) vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 lidsk\u00fd parvovirus B19. Je to nez\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou s velmi lehk\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem, \u010dasto prob\u011bhne i bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u011b. Nej\u010dast\u011bji onemocn\u00ed d\u011bti ve v\u011bku 5\u201315 let, p\u0159enos je kap\u00e9nkovou cestou. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi \u0161est d\u011btsk\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed doprov\u00e1zen\u00fdch \u010dervenou vyr\u00e1\u017ekou a teplotami.<\/p>\n
T\u0159et\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00e1 nemoc neboli zard\u011bnky nem\u00e1 obvykle z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 zdu\u0159en\u00edm uzlin vzadu na \u0161\u00edji a za u\u0161ima, hore\u010dkou. P\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 se drobounce skvrnit\u00e1 a\u017e pup\u00ednkov\u00e1 r\u016f\u017eovo\u010derven\u00e1 vyr\u00e1\u017eka, kter\u00e1 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v obli\u010deji a postupuje na krk a trup. Na kon\u010detin\u00e1ch b\u00fdv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Herpetick\u00e1 ang\u00edna neboli herpang\u00edna je infek\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed sliznice dutiny \u00fastn\u00ed a hltanu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 skupinou vir\u016f enteroviny – Coxackie. Infekce je vysoce naka\u017eliv\u00e1, vyskytuje se hlavn\u011b v letn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce, postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u011bti p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho a \u0161koln\u00edho v\u011bku.<\/p>\n
Cluster headache je dlouhodob\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se projevuje krutou bolest\u00ed hlavy okolo oka. Jde sice o relativn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 z\u00e1chvaty, nicm\u00e9n\u011b bolest je natolik intenzivn\u00ed, \u017ee se pova\u017euje za nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bolest, jakou v\u016fbec lid\u00e9 mohou za\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n
O\u010dn\u00ed migr\u00e9na, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako aura migr\u00e9na, je porucha, je\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k do\u010dasn\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m zraku a zp\u016fsobit silnou bolest hlavy. Ke vzniku o\u010dn\u00ed migr\u00e9ny dojde n\u00e1hl\u00fdm, ale p\u0159echodn\u00fdm z\u00fa\u017een\u00edm c\u00e9v, kter\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtok krve do oka. Tato porucha je obvykle spojena s migr\u00e9nou, ale m\u016f\u017ee se vyskytnout i samostatn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Odborn\u00edci obecn\u011b rad\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvit o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e, pokud bolesti hlavy p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed nebo se vyskytuj\u00ed \u010dasto, aby se vylou\u010dilo onemocn\u011bn\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed nebo mozku. V\u010dasn\u00e9 oftalmologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obt\u00ed\u017e\u00edm v budoucnu.<\/p>\n
Jsou to hlavn\u011b z\u00e1n\u011bty d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, vir\u00f3zy, ch\u0159ipky, infek\u010dn\u00ed mononukle\u00f3za, ne\u0161tovice, p\u0159\u00edu\u0161nice a dal\u0161\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 je v\u0161ak mo\u017enost nakazit se dotykem infikovan\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu, madla a podobn\u011b, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u017eloutenkou.<\/p>\n
Vyr\u00e1\u017eka je vysoce naka\u017eliv\u00e1 a vypad\u00e1 jako drobn\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 nebo \u010dervenohn\u011bd\u00e9 puch\u00fd\u0159ky. Dal\u0161\u00edm charakteristick\u00fdm projevem jsou tak\u00e9 vystoupl\u00e9 puch\u00fd\u0159e (condylomata) s b\u011blo\u0161ed\u00fdm p\u00e1chnouc\u00edm povrchem. Vyskytuj\u00ed se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v podpa\u017e\u00ed, v t\u0159\u00edslech, na genit\u00e1lu, ale tak\u00e9 v \u00fastech.<\/p>\n
Noma je opom\u00edjen\u00e1 a m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00e1 nemoc, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed naka\u017eliv\u00e1. Objevuje se nej\u010dast\u011bji u d\u011bt\u00ed do p\u011bti let, kter\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed v chudob\u011b. Prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edznakem je z\u00e1n\u011bt d\u00e1sn\u00ed projevuj\u00edc\u00ed se podobn\u011b jako mal\u00fd \u00fastn\u00ed v\u0159ed. B\u011bhem pouh\u00fdch dvou t\u00fddn\u016f za\u010dne infekce ni\u010dit kosti a tk\u00e1n\u011b a napad\u00e1 \u010delist, rty, tv\u00e1\u0159e, nos nebo o\u010di.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny: P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou je vrozen\u00fd defekt chromozomu \u010d\u00edslo 5 v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch jedince. Chromozom \u010d\u00edslo p\u011bt je po\u0161kozen\u00fd v tom smyslu, \u017ee kousek chromozomu chyb\u00ed. Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed genetick\u00e1 informace se pak projev\u00ed cel\u00fdm komplexem poruch. Projevy: D\u011bti se syndromem Cri du Chat maj\u00ed malou porodn\u00ed hmotnost.Cri du chat syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a deletion of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-posty"],"yoast_head":"